Central bankers argue that programmable digital currencies may compromise the uniformity of money. We develop a stylized model to examine this argument and the trade-offs involved in circulating ...

Our paper employs smartphone data to construct an improved cash access metric by accounting for both spatial agglomeration and households’ travel patterns. We find that incorporating trip-chaining ...

We develop statistical inferences for a non-probability two-phase survey sample when relevant auxiliary information is available from a probability survey sample. The proposed method is assessed by ...

Learn about the Bank’s role in overseeing financial market infrastructure (FMIs), its oversight responsibilities and powers under Canada’s Payment Clearing and Settlement Act, and which FMIs are ...

US trade protectionism is making the economic outlook increasingly uncertain. To assess how consumer prices may respond to ...

Readability formulas At its broadest, the concept of readability includes not just the written text itself but also aspects such as the layout, visual elements and context. For example, the Bank’s web ...

CFIF is a group set up by the Bank of Canada to facilitate the sharing of information between market participants and the Bank on the Canadian fixed-income market.

Foreign investment flows into Government of Canada (GoC) bonds have surged since the financial crisis. Our empirical analysis suggests that foreign flows of $150 billion lowered the 10-year GoC bond ...

View data from the Canadian Survey of Consumer Expectations (CSCE)—a quarterly survey aimed at measuring household views of inflation, the labour market and household finances.

In 2016, the Bank and the Government of Canada renewed their Inflation-Control Target agreement. Learn about our research priorities that led up to the renewal.

As the central bank and sole issuer of bank notes in Canada, the Bank of Canada needs to stay on top of payment trends. Every four years, we reach out to Canadians to ask them how they pay for things.