[2] Drug therapy aimed attreating the underlying cause is likely to be maximized; interventions such as thoracentesis and increased oxygen administration may yield minimal benefit. Morphine and ...

Albumin may reduce mortality in spontaneous bacterial empyema (SBEM) following thoracentesis, according to study findings published in Chest. Investigators conducted a retrospective study to assess ...

Intervention options range from observation in the case of asymptomatic effusions through simple thoracentesis to more invasive methods such as thoracoscopy, pleuroperitoneal shunting, and pleurectomy ...