Since newborn infants cannot express their pain with words, staff need to assess their pain by looking at their behaviours and vital signs instead. Many different rating scales can be used for this, ...

Neonatal pain assessment and management presents a challenge for clinical staff worldwide. Over 40 rating scales have been developed and adapted worldwide assessing different parameters and various ...

Purpose: To examine the issue of pain assessment in infants by acquiring all available published pain assessment tools and evaluating their reported reliability, validity, clinical utility ...

Use of a standardized pain assessment scale provides a consistent method to rate a patient's headache and evaluate the effectiveness of analgesia. Collaboration with the neurosurgical team ...

Wolfe F and Michaud K (2007) Assessment of pain in rheumatoid arthritis ... from the US have shown that the visual analog pain scale (VAS) is superior to the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form ...