Science has revealed some of the secrets of the X chromosome, but many remain. In humans, female cells contain two X ...

The ape sex chromosomes have now been fully sequenced. Rapid evolution has led to extreme differences in the Y chromosome between species, whereas the X chromosome experienced much less dynamic ...

Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Passed from ...

Researchers at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have identified a mechanism that protects the female brain from genetic diseases. Although one of the two X chromosomes is ...

X chromosome reactivation contributes to reducing the signs of disease in the female brain. Female cells have two X ...

Shaped by thousands of years of evolution, the body’s immune system is a vigilant guardian primed against external infectious threats. Too much vigilance, however, and this guardian of potent cells ...