Its essential feature-the nucleus-was first put forward by Rutherford in 1911 on the basis of experiments on the scattering ... taken for granted as “the atom.” In this development, moreover ...

In 1968, experimental evidence for the existence of quarks was found, and evidence for gluons was found 11 years later by colliding electrons and positrons to produce three "jets" of heavier ...

Everything in the world is made up of atoms. The structure of the atom is what gives an element its chemical and physical properties. Negatively charged particles that spin around the positive ...