Forms of symbiosis include parasitism, which involves a species living off a host and harming that host in the process; commensalism, which involves a species living off a host without harm; and ...

Parasitism: Rafflesia, the world’s largest flower, takes water and nutrients from the host plant it grows on.

Symbiotic interactions range from parasitism to commensalism and mutualism. Although sometimes considered an unusual way of life, microbial symbioses are increasingly recognized as widespread ...