Such probes are sensitive, even to single base differences in target DNA. Freed from the constraint of needing hydrogen bonding to achieve rapid, high-fidelity DNA synthesis, one may be able to ...

In this type of pairing, adenine (A) forms two hydrogen bonds with thymine (T) in DNA or uracil (U) in RNA, while guanine (G) forms three hydrogen bonds with cytosine (C). These base pairs are highly ...

and enabling critical biological functions such as protein folding and DNA structure. Yet despite their significance, quantifying hydrogen bonds in complex or confined environments has long been a ...

Hydrogen bonds are the invisible forces that hold water molecules together, giving water its unique properties, from high boiling point to surface tension, and enabling critical biological functions ...